Prevalence of malocclusions and need for orthodontic treatment in university students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26871/killkana_salud.v10i1.1759Keywords:
Oral Health, Malocclusion, Orthodontics, Cosmetic Dentistry, University StudentsAbstract
Introduction: Malocclusions are defined as the improper alignment of the teeth and any degree of irregular contact between the maxillary and mandibular dentition, with negative impacts on quality of life, including masticatory function, phonation, as well as aesthetic and psychological aspects. There is limited information and a lack of programs addressing this issue in university students. Objective: To determine the prevalence of malocclusions and the need for orthodontic treatment among students at Universidad Veracruzana. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted, in which a sociodemographic questionnaire and an intraoral examination were applied to assess the presence of malocclusions using the Dental Aesthetic Index. The study was carried out at the Centro de Estudios y Servicios en Salud of Universidad Veracruzana during the 2023 Comprehensive Health Examination for newly enrolled and returning students. Results: The study included 770 students, of whom more than 80% presented malocclusions. Additionally, 35% required elective treatment, 27% required treatment, 19% required priority treatment, and 19% did not require orthodontic intervention. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of addressing malocclusions during the university stage, where intervention is more effective, contributing to improved quality of life and the prevention of long-term functional problems. Therefore, it is essential to implement prevention and early diagnosis programs within university settings.
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