Aplicación de la bioeconomía en 5 países de Latinoamérica: Revisión bibliográfica (2012-2022)

Abstract

Due to concerns about the impacts generated by the classical economic model on the environment, and social, environmental and economic relevance of the bioeconomy, this bibliographical review analyzes 73 sources that determined the initiatives or strategies, both public and private, that have been implemented. implemented in five Latin American countries, between 2012-2022. The search for articles was carried out in academic databases such as: Google academic, Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet and Scopus, the search results were reflected in a Prisma flowchart. The bioeconomy contributes with the sustainable development objectives 8, 9 and 12 of the 2030 development agenda. Colombia was the country with the highest number of publications. For Argentina and Brazil greater bioeconomic strategies are evident, highlighting the initiatives in biotechnology, bioproducts, bioenergy and biofuels, Mexico presents a great biotechnological development offering added value, emphasizing the production of bio-plastics and biofertilizers. In Ecuador, there are initiatives in agriculture and agro-industry, with high potential due to its biodiversity, although regulations are needed to encourage and promote the productive sector. It was evidenced that in general, the countries under study, resort as part of the bioeconomy to the strategy of obtaining fuels based on biomass, leaving aside the dependence on the exploitation of oil and other resources of fossil origin, which presents an alternative for a sustainable economy. In addition, the majority of the reviewed articles mention that the bioeconomy would be a good option to carry out economic activities using resources that are renewable on a biological basis, with the aim of producing primary resources and later converting them into other goods of greater value.