Case report: Cavernous Carotid Fistula

Abstract

Objective: To describe a case report of Carotid cavernous Fistula in order to highlight the importance of its early diagnosis and timely monitoring of intraocular pressure. Materials and Methods: Case report of a patient during July 2017, backed by an up to date bibliographic compilation on the previously described condition. Results: Cavernous-carotid fistula is an uncommon neurosurgical pathology, with a great impact in the field of Neuro-Ophthalmology. Thus, it is essential to describe its classification, prevention, optimal treatment and to determine which patients have, and which do not have surgical treatment indications. The carotid-cavernous fistula is an abnormal connection between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus; 25% of cases can be spontaneous and the remaining 75% can be acquired, mainly of traumatic origin; or due to arteriovenous malformations. The evolution of indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas is varying; ranging from spontaneous relief, due to a newly formed thrombus in the affected region of the cavernous sinus. To progressive vision loss and untreatable glaucoma, which requires immediate surgical treatment. Conclusions: The diagnosis, treatment, and complications of Carotid cavernous fistula are challenging as it is an uncommon neuro-ophthalmological condition. Early diagnosis is the key to obtain a positive prognosis and maintain the patient's quality of life.