Alimentación postnatal y su asociación con la insuficiencia renal crónica en adultos de Cuenca, Ecuador.

Abstract

     Early feeding modulates the disease health process through epigenetic mechanisms and metabolic programming. Even when the effect of feeding on certain diseases is known, there is no conclusive data on the effect of neonatal feeding (breastfeeding and introduction of food) on Chronic Renal Insufficiency.The objective of the research is to associate postnatal feeding with chronic renal failure in hemodialysis patients in Cuenca, Ecuador. Through a quantitative, non-experimental, observational and retrospective design of cases and controls, 90 individuals (30 cases, 60 controls) were studied during November 2016-February 2017 in Cuenca, Ecuador. Through an administered questionnaire, early feeding was obtained (breastfeeding and introduction of food). The data were processed by SPSS23.0 using descriptive and bivariate inferential statistics at the initial moment (frequencies, X2, Proportion Z of proportions). The relative risk was estimated from the odds ratio with 95% confidence level by binary logistic regression.Early introduction of food before 6 months of age and breastfeeding time longer than 12 months increase the risk of chronic renal failure by 4.79 and 2.68 times, respectively, with a greater weight for males. There was no association between the type of milk consumed, the time of onset of breastfeeding and the presence of the disease.Postnatal feeding through prolonged breastfeeding and early ablation are risk factors in the onset of chronic renal failure in adulthood. Its modulation could be key in the intervention of the disease from a preventive approach.