Tratamiento restaurador atraumático: Eficacia clínica de ionómeros de vidrio en cavidades clase I
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26871/killcanasalud.v5i1.820Resumen
La Técnica de Restauración Atraumática (TRA) es un procedimiento preventivo–restaurador
mínimamente invasivo, como alternativa de tratamiento para poblaciones vulnerables con
poco o nulo acceso a servicios de salud, que consiste en la remoción del tejido dentario cariado utilizando sólo instrumentos manuales y un material adhesivo de restauración: el ionómero
de vidrio de alta viscosidad debido a sus propiedades físicas y químicas, como la adhesión a
la estructura dental, la biocompatibilidad, la reacción de fraguado químico y el desarrollo y
la liberación de fluoruro, que le confieren características preventivas. Objetivo: Revisar la
evidencia sobre la eficacia clínica, mediante el desempeño clínico y la supervivencia de los
ionómeros en el tratamiento restaurador atraumático en dentición decidua. Métodos: Se realizó la búsqueda de información: estudios in vitro, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y revisiones
sistemáticas con antigüedad máxima de 10 años, en las bases de datos Medline, Scielo y Scopus, con las estrategias de búsqueda (“Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment/therapeutic
use”[Mesh] OR “Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment/trends”[MesH] OR ART OR PRAT) y
((“Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment”[Mesh]) AND (“Glass Ionomer Cements”[Mesh])
OR “Ketac-Molar Quick” [Supplementary Concept]). Conclusiones: Existe evidencia científica
suficiente para determinar el éxito de las restauraciones TRA en lesiones de una superficie
en dentición decidua, incluso en comparación con los materiales restauradores de los tratamientos convencionales. El desempeño clínico y la supervivencia es alta cuando se utilizan ionómeros de alta viscosidad. Aún no hay consenso acerca de las ventajas del uso de ionómeros
de menor costo, encapsulados, reforzados con metal y/o con propiedades mejoradas.
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