Clinical and epidemiological profile in patients with inflammatory intestinal disease, Cuenca - Ecuador

Abstract

Background: inflammatory bowel disease includes three pathologies of unknown etiology: ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and unclassified. They are characterized by being chronic and recurrent, showing intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations. Objective: to determine the clinical and epidemiological profile in patients with inflammatory bowel disease at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, period January 2012 - April 2019. Materials and Methods: observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. Sixty medical records of patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease who met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The analysis of the variables was carried out using descriptive statistics; frequencies and percentages were applied for qualitative variables and mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables. Results: the mean age was 44.9 years, with ranges between 40 to 64 years (45%), 53.3% were women. Regarding the type of inflammatory bowel diseases, 53.3% of patients were diagnosed with unclassified colitis, 28.3% and 18.3% had Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's disease. In relation to Crohn's disease in 72.7% the location was in the terminal ileum and in 54.5% inflammatory. Ulcerative Colitis and Indeterminate Colitis were diagnosed in 88.2% and 78.1% by ultrasound, the most frequent symptom being abdominal distention in 70.6% and 75%. Conclusions: indeterminate colitis was the most frequent inflammatory bowel disease, followed by ulcerative colitis disease and Cronh's disease, and the majority of patients were women with age ranges between 40 to 64 years.