Actitudes culturales y nivel de conocimientos en la enfermedad diarreica aguda en escolares. Santa Elena 2019

Abstract

Acute diarrheal disease constitutes a health problem, mainly in the population under five years of age, where educational, sociocultural and environmental factors influence the management of the health-disease process. The objective of the study allowed to evaluate the cultural attitudes and the level of knowledge of acute diarrheal disease in schoolchildren. Descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study in three communes of the province of Santa Elena. Ecuador 2019. The universe was represented by 108 mothers and the sample by 88 mother / school pairs. Simple random probabilistic observational method with a 5% margin of error and a 95% confidence interval (CI); Cultural attitudes and level of knowledge were evaluated through the applied survey, using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-Square for the inferential analysis of criteria. The differences were considered statistically significant, with a p ≤ 0.05. Primary education reached 54 (61.4%), in relation to 61.36% with poor qualification and inadequate level of knowledge about the disease (p = 0.000); 50 (56%) went to pharmacies; 22 (25%) self-medicated their children and 16 (18.18%) attended health units; with relevance of the range (25 to 34 years), (p = 0.000). It is concluded that the primary educational level prevails in mothers, with an association between the level of knowledge, the disease and schooling, so that the attitudes and decisions taken were not adequate, which led to the proposal of promotion and prevention strategies on the disease.