Pérdida de piezas dentarias y su influencia con el Índice de Masa Corporal en adultos mayores
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26871/killcanasalud.v7i1.1264Palabras clave:
Índice de Masa Corporal, Nutrición, Desdentado, Adulto mayorResumen
A las personas edéntulas les resulta bastante difícil masticar alimentos sólidos o duros; así sean portadores de alguna prótesis, esto genera que a menudo tiendan a ajustar su dieta para compensar la disminución de la función masticatoria, este ajuste no siempre es suficientemente equilibrada para mantener una buena salud general sin que se presenten mayores alteraciones con el índice de masa corporal. El objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer la importancia que tiene la conservación de las piezas dentarias naturales para evitar que en un futuro se dé una posible alteración en el índice de masa corporal del adulto mayor. Se escogieron y revisaron 37 artículos originales y artículos de investigación en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas (PubMed, Scopus, Google Académico). Los términos de búsqueda fueron “Relationship between tooth loss and nutritional índices”, “Body Mass Index and Tooth Loss”. Las personas que son completamente desdentados o que carecen de dentición funcional tienen una mayor probabilidad de estar en riesgo de desnutrición; sin embargo, también existe prevalencia de obesidad en adultos que carecen de piezas dentarias; ambas alteraciones se encuentran relacionadas por la calidad de la nutrición, debido a la baja eficacia masticatoria y factores sociodemográficos.
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