Hallazgos imagenológicos por ecografía en mujeres con infertilidad: Revisión Bibliográfica.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26871/killcanasalud.v9i2.1649Palabras clave:
diagnóstico por imagen, ecografía, evaluación reproductiva, fertilidad femenina, infertilidadResumen
Introducción: La infertilidad representa un problema de salud global, afectando a un considerable porcentaje de parejas en edad reproductiva, generando diversas consecuencias a nivel físico, emocional y económico. En este contexto, la ecografía emerge como una herramienta diagnóstica fundamental debido a su accesibilidad, carácter no invasivo y bajo costo. Objetivo: El objetivo principal es analizar los hallazgos imagenológicos más relevantes obtenidos mediante ecografía, con el fin de consolidar la evidencia existente sobre la utilidad de esta técnica en la evaluación de la infertilidad femenina. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva de 34 artículos científicos publicados entre los años 2020-2024. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus y Google Académico, utilizando una estrategia de búsqueda que combinó descriptores de salud, tales como "Fertilidad femenina", "Ultrasonografía", "Ecografía". Resultados: La revisión bibliográfica destaca el papel crucial de la ecografía, particularmente la vía transvaginal, en la evaluación de la anatomía y estructuras del sistema reproductor femenino. Permite la detección de diversas alteraciones como quistes ováricos, malformaciones uterinas y adherencias pélvicas. Adicionalmente, facilita el monitoreo de la respuesta ovárica y la vascularización endometrial durante tratamientos de fertilidad asistida. Conclusión: La ecografía transvaginal se establece como una herramienta diagnóstica clave en el abordaje de la infertilidad femenina. Su valor radica en su capacidad para proporcionar información diagnóstica y pronóstica relevante, permitiendo un enfoque personalizado e integral en el manejo de esta condición. En caso de limitaciones requiere la complementación con otras técnicas diagnósticas.
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